Genetic Factors and Macular Degeneration

Written By: Indus Health Plus Doctors Team

Medically Reviewed | Based on Clinical Guidelines

Last Updated : 05 Sep 2024

Genetic Factors For Late Age Related Macular Degeneration In India

Age related macular degeneration is a common eye condition that causes vision loss among people age 50 years and older. It causes damage to macula an area near center of retina needed for sharp and central vision, which let us see objects that are straight ahead. AMD as such is not responsible for complete vision loss but it can interfere with the daily activities like such as the ability to see faces, drive, read, write etc. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in India. Studies and research reveals that there are increasing cases of early onset of AMD than late.

Disease has two major forms - Dry AMD and wet AMD. In dry AMD the macula gets thinner with age and vision is affected. It is quite common form and there is no treatment for dry AMD yet. This form is less common but much more serious. Wet AMD is when new, abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina. These vessels may leak blood or other fluids, causing scarring of the macula. You lose vision faster with wet AMD than with dry AMD.

Causes of Age relate macular degeneration

Common causes of AMD are age, habit of smoking, eating high fat diet, overweight or obesity and genetics. With an affected family member with AMD the risk of disease in individual increases 3 to 6 times. There are certain genetic factors precisely - DNA that increases the risk of AMD at early age and family member are likely to share same genes. This disease is mainly observed in old people but with increased genetic risk macular degeneration can often start as early as 50yr.

Genetic or DNA testing for affected family members should be must in this situation. DNA or genetic testing will be able to reveal your disease predisposition and counsellors can guide you for preventive strategies that might include lifestyle changes and annual eye checkup. In AMD condition the loss of vision is irreversible but early detection and treatment can delay the progression of disease.

At Indus Health Plus we have such advance DNA testing for AMD and other related medical conditions. For more details about DNAwise or DNA testing package, please fill up the inquiry form.